Hip Osteoarthritis

What Is Hip Osteoarthritis?

Hip osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease where the cartilage covering the hip joint gradually wears away, leading to bone-on-bone contact, pain, and stiffness. It's a common cause of disability in older adults. While it can't be reversed, many treatments can help manage symptoms.¹

Symptoms²

Pain in groin, thigh, or buttock
Stiffness, especially in morning
Reduced range of motion
Difficulty with shoes and socks
Pain with walking or stairs
Limping
Clicking or grinding sensation

Risk Factors

Age (over 45)
Obesity
Previous hip injury
Hip abnormalities (dysplasia, FAI)
Genetics
Heavy physical occupations

Diagnosis³

Symptoms and physical examination
X-rays (show joint space, bone changes)
MRI rarely needed
Distinguish from other hip conditions

Treatment

First-Line

Exercise and physical therapy
Weight management
Education

Medications

Acetaminophen
Oral NSAIDs
Topical treatments (less effective for hip)

Injections

Corticosteroid (temporary relief)
Hyaluronic acid (mixed evidence)

Surgery

Total hip replacement (very effective)
When conservative measures fail
High patient satisfaction

Exercise for Hip OA

Strengthening (hip, core, leg muscles)
Flexibility and stretching
Low-impact cardio (swimming, cycling, walking)
Water exercises
Tai chi

Self-Management

Stay active within limits
Use assistive devices if helpful
Avoid prolonged standing
Use chairs with armrests
Heat for stiffness

References

Murphy NJ, Eyles JP, Hunter DJ. Hip osteoarthritis: etiopathogenesis and implications for management. Adv Ther. 2016;33(11):1921-1946.
Lespasio MJ, Sultan AA, Piuzzi NS, et al. Hip osteoarthritis: a primer. Perm J. 2018;22:17-084.
Bannuru RR, Osani MC, Vaysbrot EE, et al. OARSI guidelines for the non-surgical management of knee, hip, and polyarticular osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2019;27(11):1578-1589.