Ibuprofen

What Is Ibuprofen?

Ibuprofen is one of the most commonly used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Available over-the-counter (Advil, Motrin) and by prescription in higher doses, it reduces pain, inflammation, and fever. It's effective for many types of chronic pain when used appropriately.¹

How It Works²

Inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes
Reduces prostaglandin production
Decreases inflammation, pain, fever
Effects last 4-6 hours

Common Uses

Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Back pain
Headaches and migraines
Menstrual cramps
Muscle aches
Dental pain
Minor injuries

Dosing³

Over-the-Counter

200-400 mg every 4-6 hours
Maximum 1200 mg/day (OTC)
Take with food or milk

Prescription

Up to 800 mg per dose
Maximum 3200 mg/day
Follow doctor's instructions

Common Side Effects

Stomach upset, nausea
Heartburn
Dizziness
Headache

Serious Risks

GI bleeding and ulcers
Cardiovascular events
Kidney damage
Allergic reactions
Worsening asthma in some

Who Should Avoid

History of GI bleeding or ulcers
Severe kidney or liver disease
Heart disease or stroke history
NSAID or aspirin allergy
Late pregnancy

Drug Interactions

Blood thinners
Other NSAIDs (don't combine)
Blood pressure medications
Lithium
Methotrexate

Safe Use Tips

Take with food
Use lowest effective dose
Shortest duration needed
Don't exceed recommended doses
Stay hydrated
Monitor for warning signs

Ibuprofen vs. Naproxen

Ibuprofen: shorter acting, more frequent dosing
Naproxen: longer acting, twice daily
Similar effectiveness
Individual response varies

References

Rainsford KD. Ibuprofen: pharmacology, efficacy and safety. Inflammopharmacology. 2009;17(6):275-342.
Davies NM. Clinical pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen. The first 30 years. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1998;34(2):101-154.
Moore N. Forty years of ibuprofen use. Int J Clin Pract Suppl. 2003;(135):28-31.