Pain Neuroscience Education

What Is Pain Neuroscience Education?

Pain neuroscience education (PNE), also called "explain pain," teaches people about the biology and neuroscience of pain. Understanding how pain works can change pain beliefs, reduce fear, and improve outcomes.¹

Key Concepts Taught²

Pain ≠ Damage

Pain is an output of the brain
Tissue damage and pain don't always match
Pain is protective, not always accurate

The Nervous System Changes

Central sensitization
Nerves can become overly sensitive
Alarm system can be recalibrated

Many Factors Influence Pain

Thoughts and beliefs
Emotions and stress
Sleep and activity
Social factors
Past experiences

Benefits of PNE³

Reduces fear of pain and movement
Decreases catastrophizing
Can reduce pain intensity
Improves function
Empowers patients
Enhances other treatments

What PNE Is NOT

Saying pain is "all in your head"
Denying pain is real
A standalone cure
Replacement for medical care

How to Learn More

Books: "Explain Pain," "Why Do I Hurt?"
Physical therapists trained in PNE
Pain management programs
Online resources and videos

References

Moseley GL, Butler DS. Fifteen years of explaining pain: the past, present, and future. J Pain. 2015;16(9):807-813.
Nijs J, Paul van Wilgen C, Van Oosterwijck J, et al. How to explain central sensitization to patients with 'unexplained' chronic pain. Man Ther. 2011;16(5):413-418.
Louw A, Diener I, Butler DS, Puentedura EJ. The effect of neuroscience education on pain, disability, anxiety, and stress in chronic musculoskeletal pain. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2011;92(12):2064-2071.